How to drain a hot tub?The Ultimate Guide to Draining, Cleaning, and Refilling Your Hot Tub

A hot tub is a luxurious investment, providing relaxation and relief from the stresses of daily life. However, just like any other appliance or system, your hot tub requires regular maintenance to keep it in optimal condition. One of the most crucial tasks in hot tub upkeep is draining and refilling it. This process ensures the water remains fresh, the filters are working effectively, and your system runs smoothly.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll take you through the entire procedure for draining, cleaning, and refilling your hot tub. Along the way, we’ll cover essential maintenance tips, cleaning steps, and common troubleshooting issues. We’ve also included answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) to help you feel confident in your hot tub care routine.

1. Why You Should Drain and Refill Your Hot Tub Regularly

A hot tub should be drained and refilled every three to four months to maintain water quality, ensure proper function, and extend the lifespan of the system. Over time, water in your hot tub accumulates dirt, oils, skin cells, bacteria, and other contaminants. Even with regular filtration and sanitization, water can become cloudy or foamy, and the overall hygiene of your tub may diminish.

By draining the water, you eliminate these impurities and refresh the spa, making it a safe and enjoyable environment for you and your guests. Additionally, when you drain your hot tub, you have the opportunity to inspect essential components such as the plumbing, heater, and pump system.

2. Tools You’ll Need for Draining Your Hot Tub

To ensure the draining process goes smoothly, here’s a list of tools you’ll need:

• Garden Hose: The most basic tool for draining your hot tub, though it can take some time depending on the size of the tub.
• Submersible Pump: If you want to speed up the draining process, a submersible pump is a great investment. It’s particularly useful for larger tubs or if you frequently drain your hot tub.
• Wet/Dry Vacuum: This tool is crucial for removing any residual water from the deepest parts of the tub once most of the water has been drained.
• Soft Cloth or Sponge: To clean the interior of your hot tub after draining.
• Spa Filter Cleaner: To clean the filter cartridges and filter housing to ensure optimal performance.
• Screwdrivers or Wrenches: Some hot tubs may require you to remove panels or loosen unions during the draining process.

3. Step-by-Step Guide to Draining Your Hot Tub

3.1. Flushing the Lines

Before draining the water, it’s a good idea to flush the pipes and plumbing to clear out any biofilm, debris, or grime that has accumulated. This step is vital for keeping your hot tub clean and ensuring the filtration system operates effectively.

1. Turn on the jets to their maximum setting. This helps agitate the water and ensures the flushing solution circulates properly.
2. Add a pipe cleaner or hot tub flush solution into the water, following the manufacturer’s instructions for the recommended amount. These solutions are specifically designed to break down organic material and remove contaminants in the plumbing.
3. Let the jets run for 15–30 minutes. During this time, the solution will work its way through the pipes, cleaning the internal plumbing.

Flushing the lines also helps maintain water chemistry balance, making it easier to balance your spa’s water once it’s refilled.

3.2. Turning Off Your Hot Tub

To avoid damaging your system, turn off the hot tub at the main power switch before draining. Running the pump without water can cause overheating and permanent damage to the pump and heating system. Always ensure the system is powered down completely.

3.3. Identifying and Operating the Drain Valves

Most hot tubs are equipped with a drain valve that is used to empty the water. This valve typically works using a ball valve lever, which you rotate 90 degrees to open and close. Here’s how to identify and operate the valve:

1. Locate the valve: Depending on your hot tub model, the valve may be located at the bottom or near the side of the tub. It’s often hidden behind a removable panel.
2. Turn the valve to the open position. If you have a garden hose, attach it to the valve to guide the water to a nearby drain.
3. Check for blockages: Ensure there are no debris or obstructions in the valve to prevent water from draining smoothly.

3.4. Draining Your Hot Tub Water: Using a Garden Hose vs. Submersible Pump

Using a Garden Hose:

1. Attach the hose to the drainage valve and lead it to a nearby drain or suitable drainage area.
2. Open the valve and let the water flow out.
3. To expedite the process, loosen the unions on the pump and heater inside the cabinet. This will allow water to drain from the plumbing as well.
4. Expect the process to take 1-2 hours, depending on the size of the tub.

Using a Submersible Pump:

1. Plug the submersible pump into a nearby power source and position it at the lowest point of the hot tub.
2. Run the drainage hose to a nearby drain or proper disposal area.
3. Open the pump unions to drain the plumbing lines.
4. Turn on the pump and watch as it drains the hot tub in about 30 minutes.

The submersible pump is significantly faster than using a garden hose, making it ideal for larger tubs or when time is of the essence.

4. Cleaning Your Hot Tub After Draining

Once the water has been drained, it’s essential to clean the hot tub thoroughly to prevent any residue or dirt from remaining on the surfaces.

4.1. Cleaning the Hot Tub Shell

Use a mild cleaning solution like diluted dish soap and a soft cloth or sponge to scrub the interior surfaces of the hot tub. Pay particular attention to:

• Seating areas: These areas can accumulate oils and dirt.
• Waterline: A common area for mineral deposits and grime to build up.
• Jets and bubblers: Ensure no residue is left inside the jets or other water features.

This cleaning process helps prevent the buildup of mold, mildew, and bacteria, leaving your hot tub sparkling clean.

4.2. Cleaning the Filter and Filter Housing

Your hot tub’s filter plays a crucial role in maintaining clean water, so keeping it in good condition is key.

1. Remove the filter from its compartment.
2. Soak the filter in a specialized filter cleaner for about 15 minutes to dissolve grease, oils, and debris.
3. Rinse the filter thoroughly with a hose, ensuring all residue is removed.
4. Inspect the filter housing for debris or mineral buildup, and clean as necessary.
5. Once clean, replace the filter and make sure it’s properly seated.

Cleaning the filter helps ensure optimal filtration and extends the lifespan of your system.

5. How to Refill Your Hot Tub

Once your hot tub is cleaned and ready for fresh water, it’s time to refill:

1. Ensure the hot tub is off and that all drain valves are closed.
2. Insert the hose into the filter compartment to avoid air locks in the plumbing.
3. Turn on the hose and begin filling your hot tub until it reaches the recommended water level.
4. Monitor the water level to make sure it doesn’t overfill.

After the tub is full, check that all valves are securely closed and that no leaks are present.

6. Balancing and Testing Water Chemistry

After refilling, balancing the water chemistry is essential for ensuring the water is safe and comfortable to use.

1. Add sanitizers: Chlorine or bromine granules or tablets are commonly used. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to add the right amount.
2. Test the water: Use a hot tub test strip to check the pH and alkalinity. Adjust the levels to the ideal range:
   • pH: 7.2–7.6
   • Alkalinity: 125–150 mg/L
3. Shock the water: This helps break down any contaminants and prepares the water for use.

Regular water testing and balancing prevent skin irritation and protect your hot tub equipment from scale and corrosion.

7. Preventing Issues: Troubleshooting Common Hot Tub Problems

Regularly draining and cleaning your hot tub can help avoid many common issues. Here are a few tips to troubleshoot potential problems:

• Foamy Water: If your water becomes foamy, it may indicate the presence of too much soap, oil, or residue. Regular draining and water changes can resolve this.
• Cloudy Water: This may happen if the water chemistry is out of balance. Be sure to test and adjust pH and alkalinity regularly.
• Poor Jet Pressure: If the jets aren’t functioning properly, ensure the plumbing lines are clear, and check for any obstructions in the jets.

8. Hot Tub Winterization (Optional)

If you don’t plan on using your hot tub during the winter months, it’s a good idea to winterize it. This involves thoroughly draining the water, cleaning the spa, and covering it with a durable, weather-resistant cover to prevent freezing.

9. FAQs

1. How fast can I drain my hot tub?

The quickest way to drain your hot tub is with a submersible pump, which can empty the tub in about 30 minutes. Using a garden hose can take anywhere from 1-2 hours, depending on the size of the tub and the water pressure.

2. How often should I change the water in my hot tub?

You should drain and refill your hot tub every 3 to 4 months. This ensures the water remains fresh and free from contaminants.

3. Can I drain my hot tub water into the garden?

It’s not advisable to empty hot tub water directly into your garden, as the high levels of chlorine can harm plants. If you must dispose of the water, use an appropriate drainage area away from your garden.

Conclusion

Maintaining your hot tub involves more than just turning on the jets and relaxing. Regularly draining and refilling the water ensures that your spa stays clean, fresh, and in top working condition. By following this comprehensive guide, you can confidently care for your hot tub, keeping it ready for whenever you need a soothing soak. Whether you’re cleaning it, balancing the water, or preparing it for winter, proper maintenance will prolong the life of your investment and guarantee an enjoyable experience each time you use it.